藥品分揀機器人直銷
January17,201406:26pmETYourRobotHelperisOnTheWayNowItCanLearnFromItsFriends
I’llberightwithyousir,justafterIputthiscupaway.Thisisacup,right?Credit:garrettc.Viewfullsizeimage
全自動分揀機器人怎么用ThisarTIclewasoriginallypublishedatTheConversaTIon.ThepublicaTIoncontributedthearTIcletoLiveScience'sExpertVoices:Op-EdInsights.
Januaryisatimewhenmanyofusseektobetterourselves.Wewanttolearnanewskillorimproveanexistingone.Anetworkdesignedespeciallyforrobots,RoboEarth,isbeingtestedintheNetherlandstohelpthemwiththeirattemptsatself-improvement.Soonourmechanicalfriendswillbeabletoswaptipsonhowtobestcareforusandlearnabouttheirworlds.
AsdemonstratedbyGoogle’srecentpurchaseofroboticscompaniesandAmazon’sautomatedwarehouses,intelligent,autonomousservicerobotsarestartingtolookcommerciallyviable.
Servicerobotsaremachineswhichcanperformtaskswithorforhumansinnormalenvironments(ratherthanincontrolledfactorysettings).Intelligent,autonomousservicerobotshavesomefreedomabouthowtheycompletetasksandneedtomakedecisionsabouthowtoactbasedonwhattheyknowandcansense.
Therearerobotsthatcanmakesandwiches,findobjectsinyourhome,doyourwashingandevenassembleIkeafurniture.
分揀機器人的設(shè)計Easyonthemayo,please.Sandwich-makingrobots
Learningfromscratcheverytime
Whenbuildingsystemssuchasthese,oneofthemajorbottlenecksisprovidingtherobotwiththeknowledgeabouttheworlditneedsinordertoperformitstask.Thisknowledgeisusuallycentredaroundtheobjectsinvolvedinatask:whattheylooklike,howtheycanbepickeduporwheretheycanbefound.Knowledgeaboutspace(mapsofbuildingsandrooms)andaction(howtochangetheworldtoachieveaparticularend)isusuallyessentialtoo.
分揀機器人視覺系統(tǒng)Butrobotshavenobuilt-inknowledgeaboutthesekindsofthings.Everythingtheyneedtoknowmustbeengineeredintotheirsoftwaresomehow,suchasbyusingmachinelearningtechniquesthenconnectingtheresultsofthistrainingtosymbolswithintherobot’ssoftwaretoallowittorefertothethingsintheworld.
閃兔分揀機器人Thisknowledgeengineeringtypicallytakesahugeamountoftimeforevenasimpletaskandisusuallylimitedinthattherobotonlyendsupknowingaboutexactlythethingsyou’vetaughtit.Forexample,itmightbeabletorecogniseaboxofCornflakes,butnotaboxofFrosties,orperhapsnotevenaboxofCornflakeswithdifferentpackaging.
Thismeansthatitisverydifficulttojustsendarobotintoanewenvironment,oraskittoperformanewtask,withouthavingateamofexpertsonhandtodothistraining.No-onecanaffordtoshipacomputersciencePhDgraduatewitheveryrobotsoresearchersaroundtheworldarelookingathowrobotscanbeequippedtoquicklylearnaboutanewenvironmentwhentheyareputinone.
Learningfromrobotfriends
RoboEarth–acollaborationbetweenuniversitiesandPhilips–hasdevelopedanapproachtothisbasedontheabilitytoshareknowledgeovertheinternet.
ThesystemhasbeenlikenedtoasocialnetworkoraWikipediaforrobotsasitallowstheknowledgecreatedforonerobottobesharedwithanotherrobot,anywhereelseintheworld,viaashared,web-accessibledatabase.WhenonerobotinGermanylearnswhatatoasterisandhowitworks,itcanuploadthatinformationintothenetwork.ArobotinJapanwhichhasneverusedatoasterbeforecanthenloginandlearnhowtorecogniseone.
Toenablerobotswithdifferentbodiesandsensorstolearnfromeachother,RoboEarthhasanabstractionlayerwhichallowssharedinformationtoassumecommoncapabilitiesacrossallplatforms.ThisismuchlikehowadesktopoperatingsystemlikeWindowsallowsthesamesoftwaretorunonmanydifferenttypesofcomputers.
Toallowrobotstoeasilyfindtheknowledgetheyrequire,thecontentsoftheRoboEarthdatabasearestructuredviaanontology.Thisdescribeseachentryusinglogicwhichcanbequeriedautomaticallyandrelatesconnectedentries.Soanovenwillbelistedasatypeofhouseholdapplianceandamarsbarasatypeoffood.
TheRoboEarthdemonstrationisjustthestartofwhatwillbecomeanincreasingtrendofintelligent,autonomousmachinessharingknowledgeovertheinternet.Whiletherearelimitationstothecurrentdemonstrators,intermsofhowwellsharedknowledgetransfersacrossdifferentsystemsandenvironments,wecanexpectthisfieldtoprogressasrobotsbegintohitthemarket.Thecommercialneedforrobotstobeabletolearnfromtheirpeerswilldriveprogress.
InthefutureitiseasytoimagineboththecurrentopenprotocolsofRoboEartheducatingrobotsworldwide,aswellasacommercialalternative,likeanappstore,whererobotsandtheirownerscanbuyprofessionallyengineeredknowledgeofftheshelf.Thiswillbeasignificantsteptowardsthedaywhenyourmorningorangejuiceorcoffeewillbebroughtbyarobothelper,oratleastasteptowardshelpingittotellthedifferencebetweenthetwo.
NickHawesreceivesfundingfromtheEuropeanCommissionandEPSRC.HeisaffiliatedwiththeUniversityofBirmingham.
ThisarticlewasoriginallypublishedatTheConversation.Readtheoriginalarticle.Theviewsexpressedarethoseoftheauthoranddonotnecessarilyreflecttheviewsofthepublisher.ThisversionofthearticlewasoriginallypublishedonLiveScience.
分揀機器人另類應用省藥品分揀機器人分揀機器人市場分析